Archive for July, 2010
INTRODCUTION:
Acne vulgaris (acne) the bane of teenage existence occurs almost universally in both young men and women in their teens and early 20s. It is almost ubiquitous in teenage years. The peak severity is in the late teenage years but acnes may persist into the third decade and beyond especially in females who may experience flare-ups before menstruation. The hormonal changes responsible for premenenstral bouts, with acne are responsible for breakouts some women experience when taking oral contraceptives, during pregnancy or while undergoing menopausal hormone therapy.
Although acne is not dangerous, it is unsightly and can have a negative psychological impact on adolescents particularly at a time when they are most anxious about their appearance. Consequently, they seek all sorts of advice and medication so as to curb this “ugly” incidence. Being so “mirror-conscious”, they strictly follow these medications to retain their beauty. To make this situation even worse, acne is rarely cured. However, its symptoms can be controlled; acne eruptions can be reduced and scarring can be minimized with proper care.
This scourge has stolen beauty from many faces, generated undue worries and anxiety among the younger population, and presented a myriad of “unanswered questions” to health workers. Hence it is necessary to proffer solutions, on how to reduce its incidence lest it becomes a source of global worry.
DEFINITION: WHAT IS ACNE?
Acne is an eruption, predominantly of the face, upper back, shoulder and chest composed of comedones, cysts, papules and pustules on an inflammatory base. Simply put, it is an inflammatory eruption involving the pilosebaceous apparatus. The common name Pimple is usually used to denote the inflammatory lesion of acne. This condition occurs ina majority of people during puberty or adolescence due to androgenic stimulation of sebum secretion with plugging of follicles by keratinization associated with proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes.
CAUSES:
The cause if multifactorial, but there are 3 major pathogenic factors that clearly summarize its aetiology.
* Elevated sebum excretion
* Infection with Propionibacterium acnes
* Blockage or occlusion of the pilosebaceous unit.
There is a clear relation between the severity of acne and sebum excretion rate. Acne does not occur in complete absence of sebum. Therefore, sebum excretion is necessary for the development of acne but not sufficient to cause acne on its own. Androgen stimulation greatly determines sebum excretion. This accounts for the onset of acne in teenage years. Progesterone also increases sebum excretion while oestrogens reduce it. In another development, the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes colonizes the pilosebaceous ducts and acts on the lipids to produce a number of proinflammatory factors. Finally, the occlusion of the pilosebaceous unit contributes to the development of acne.
Acne can be exacerbated, or even caused by a number of factors including:-
* Genetic susceptibility leading to the hyperconification of pilosebaceous duct and its blockage.
* High humidity, frequent or prolonged sweating.
* Local irritation, friction, rough or occlusion clothing, which can be conducive to lesion formation of acneprone individuals.
* Long term use of hair-care products that contain occlusive petroleum of liquid petroleum, causing acne along the hairline (sometimes “pomade acne”)
* Drug such as corticosteroids which can sensitive hair follicles and produce “steroid acne” and other systemic drugs like androgens, some oral contraceptives, halothane and thyroid preparations known to precipitate acne eruption.
* Oil-based cosmetics can be occlusive and plug the follicles.
* Prolonged exposure to sun, prolonged stress and other emotional extremes.
CLINICAL FEATURES:
Acne presents in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, back, shoulder and sternal (chest) area. The cardinal features are open comedones (black heads) due to plugging of the pilosebaceous orifice by kertain or sebum or closed comedones (white heads) due to accretions of sebum abd keratin deeper in the pilosebaceous ducts.
* Inflammatory papules circumscribed solid elevation up to 100cm diameter on the skin, which may be pedunculassted, sessile or filiform.
* Pustules circumscribed superficial elevation of the skin (about 1cm diameter) containing purulent materials.
Other clinical variants of acne include infantile acne, conglobate acne, acne fulminans, follicular occlusion traid, steroid acne and oil acne each with its distinctive features.
TREATMENT:
Self treatment should be limited to those patients who have non-inflammatory acne of mild-to-moderate severity (ie eruptions are limited to white heads and black head). The role of a detmatologist in severe cases of inflammatory acne (consisting of papules, pustules and nodules) must be south.
Treatment is aimed at decreasing sebum production, bacterial proliferation, normalizing duct keratinization or decreasing inflammation. Management starts with paying attention to exacerbating factors.
Topical agents such as:
* Benzyol peroxide (a keratolytic agent) and Fretinoin (A topical retinoid) should be used in individuals with fairly minor disease (particularly those dominated by the presence of comedones).
* Patients with anything but minor degrees acne will require therapy with antibiotics (local or systemic). Local antibiotics widely used include Clindamycin or Erythromycin. The principal oral antibiotic is Oxytetracycline. Monocycline may be used if oxytetacycline’s response is inadequate.
* If these topical and systemic agents fail to produce a sufficient clinical response within 3-6 months, treatment with Isotretinoin is considered. Remember, these drugs have their different modes of administration and side effects therefore, the physician’s role on prescription and monitoring of treatment is very essential.
Good skin care habits are essential in the treatment and management of acne. These should be emphasized by health workers. They include:
* Avoidance of prolonged exposure to the sun.
* Patient’s should be encouraged to switch from oil to water-based skin care products. If the hair is oily, frequent shampooing with water-based shampoo should minimized hairline eruptions.
* Patients should wash their faces 2-3 times daily using warm water, a mild medicated or unmedicated facial soap and a soft wash-cloth.
* Mild abrasive soaps (such as those containing pumice, polyethylene or Aluminum oxide) can be helpful in removing the outer layer of dead skin cells.
* Squeezing, pinching or picking at acne lesions can aggrevate the condition and cause permanent scarring. Avoid this!
CONLCUSION
The understanding of the basic aetiology and underlying pathology of any form of sickness is a great step in the pursuit of an effective treatment. Improper understanding may “rubbish” a good scientific treatment formular, or elicit a wide- range of side effects. With these steps for acne, the beauty and cosmetic concern of every individuals will be achieved.
REFERENCES:
1. Barbara white Sax (2000): Acne and Wrinkles: Skin care for baby boomers and their kids; Pharmacy times (Oct. 2000); P. 55-57.
2. Christopher Haslett et al (2000): Davidson’s principles and practice of medicine, Churchill Livingstone; P. 1051-1082.
3. Kumar and Clark (2000): Clinical Medicine (5th Ed.); 1320.
4. Lippoincolt, Williams, Wilkins (1998); Steadman’s Medical Dictionary. (27th Ed.) p. 15-16.
One of the most necessary things for any person is skin care. Depending on a person’s beliefs they will have different personal skin care routines. For some their personal routine involves going to their favorite parlor to beautify their skin. Some would prefer to do their personal routine through facials and body scrubs, which they use, skin care products for. When it comes to personal skin care individuals have their own convictions. Contrary to what many think skin care doesn’t have to be complex or expensive.
With your pores open, next splash warm water on your face and neck. Pour or work the appropriate amount of skin cleanser into your hands, then mix with some water to work it into a creamy lather. Massage this onto your wet face. Using your fingertips or a soft complexion brush, in a circular motion delicately massage your face for about 30 seconds, making sure to include your neck area. Then rinse with warm water and gently pat your skin dry with a soft towel.
Exfoliate. Many people miss this step in their daily skin care routine, but it’s an important step in refreshing the skin as it scrubs away the dead skin cells that can cause pore clogging, dry skin and even acne. For the cheapest, do-it-at-home fix, find a scrub at your drug store that includes exfoliating beads or particles. Exfoliate just once a week.
If you have particularly sensitive skin, try using an evening primrose oil moisturizer. It’s a wonderful natural moisturizer, particularly for dry or very dry skins. It hydrates, protects and soothes. It also improves the skin’s overall softness and suppleness. People with eczema will also find it useful.
Skin care treatment of dry skin is generally easy. Moisturizers, applied in the right way and in the right quantity, are the best form of skin care treatment for dry skin. For best results, apply moisturizer while your skin is still damp. Also, do not apply too much or too little moisturizer. In exceptional cases, where you don’t notice any improvements in 3-4 weeks, you might have to visit your dermatologist for skin care treatment of your dry skin.
Choose is finding a moisturizer or lotion that has a SPF or UV protection built in so that you can get two benefits from one application. Regular cleansing is important and when done properly. Exfoliate is a also use for skin care. Over buffing will over-stimulate and cause irritation to the skin. There are several active ingredients that have been clinically proven to be effective skin rejuvenators.
Eating the right kind of food can do you better than any medicine. Honey applied under a dry dressing every two or thee days promotes rapid healing of ulcers and burns. Avocado oil used regularly is an excellent skin softener.
Exercise, rest, and good nutrition lay the foundation for beautiful, healthy skin, inside and out. A proper diet is not only good for your overall health, it also helps to ensure that your skin will receive all of the vitamins, minerals, and nutrients that it needs to maintain and repair cells. Drinking purified water is another good way to keep your skin healthy. Water helps to hydrate the skin and move waste and nutrients through the system. It is very effective mixing a teaspoon or capful of Organic Apple Cider Vinegar in with your water.
Defeating strain is one more natural skin care treatment. Stress affects overall destruction to body and health. Drinking a lot of water, getting a sound sleep and exercise has previously been declared as strain busters. Pampering in a temperate bubble bath, snooping to music and playing your desired sport are also good ways of thrashing stress.
Look For These Ingredients In Any Skin Care Product because they work and are safe. That’s a claim that very few skin care companies can make and show the proof. Read on and I’ll show you what I found out
Product Research
Researchers have evaluated one aging skin care product after another. They took samples from the leading brand names and some of the highest priced creams on the market. They found that each of them contained, at most, one or two active ingredients. The rest of the solution was composed of cheap fillers, lots of artificial preservatives, added fragrances and inert substances.
Better, Effective Products
Those same researchers decided that they could create a formula that works. This ‘skin formula’ was significantly superior to any product currently on the market. Also it offered better value for the money. Judging by my personal experiences and the positive feedback from other customers, they did exactly that.
Causes of Aging Appearance
The causes are:
*Decreased production of skin-cells and collagen fibers
*Increased levels of free radicals accompanied by decreased levels of antioxidants
*Decreased levels of hyaluronic acid.
These researchers made a skin care product that deals with anti aging and all the above causes of an aged look. Here’s how they did it.
First, they found an anti aging formula that works to increase the production of new skin-cells. The skin’s cells produce molecules that are known as pro-collagens. Those pro-collagens bind with amino acids travelling among the cells to form collagen fibrils. Bundles of fibrils combine to form collagen and elastin fibers.
A glucose/amino acid complex, also known as hyaluronic acid is needed to bind the bundles together. If the levels of free radicals within the cells become out of control, they will damage the pro-collagen molecules, causing weaker fibers that tend to sag and wrinkle.
Many Active Ingredients Required
When you look at what is required to delay the signs of aging, increase firmness and prevent wrinkling, it is easy to see that an anti aging skin care product containing only one active ingredient cannot possibly be effective. If you also learn that the most common active ingredient in these products is simply sun-screen, you understand why none of them work.
An anti aging formula that works does not contain sunscreen. Yes, it is important to protect yourself from overexposure to the sun, but the use of a daily sunscreen is unnecessary and could increase your risk of some forms of skin cancer, according to the latest research.
The Tested Ingredients That Work
The ingredients that an anti aging skin care product should contain include:
*Wakame kelp – because it prevents the destruction of hyaluronic acid;
*Antioxidants – because they prevent and repair free radical damage;
*CYNERGY TK – the reason is it has been shown in clinical studies to increase the production of new cells by as much as 160% just after just 3 days.
The key to getting an anti aging formula that really performs is the ingredients I mentioned. You’ll be glad that you did. I can personally attest to the results.
All of us have experienced acne some time or the other in our lives. There is a common misconception that acne is experienced by people only during their teenage and adolescence. Howsoever, isolated cases of acne have been seen even in people in their thirties and forties. And of course, almost everybody has heard certain home remedies for an acne attack.
Though acne is normally evident only on the face, it can occur almost anywhere on the body, especially the arms, legs, back and neck. Acne can be generally categorized into three categories: severe, moderate and mild. Therefore, before deciding on a acne heal, you should diagnose what type of acne you have.
Several people decide to use off the shelf medication for acne, which does have positive results. Though this is a common practice when it comes to acne, it is not always safe. Also, due to self medication or off the shelf medication, acne can even increase. Hence, the best bet for natures cure acne is a certified professional like a dermatologist.
Severe acne is the most serious of all three of the acne categories. If the acne is severe, you will notice that the pimples and zits have become more prominent, inflamed and almost like a cyst. Severe acne is the last stage of acne and is comparatively more difficult to cure than mild or moderate acne. If you do have such a kind of acne, the only treatment you should have is to consult a dermatologist. When the acne has reached this stage, dermatologists will have not other choice but to opt for a aggressive cure to prevent the further progress of acne. Dermatologists may use a combined cure of antibiotics, medication, injections and surgical incisions, depending on the extremity of the acne.
To cure mild acne, you should first wash the affected area with warm water and soap. You can also use any over the shelf creams which contain benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid along with the soap water. These kill the bacteria present in the epidermis of the skin.
When almost half of the face is covered with pimples, zits and blackheads, the condition may be considered as moderate acne. Most acne is treatable, but moderate acne does not take much time to turn into severe acne. Severe acne is more difficult to treat and may even require surgery for complete cure.
In any case, getting complete and comprehensive knowledge about your acne is the most important aspect of cure for acne. If you do not have the proper knowledge and indulge in wrong or weaker natural acne cure, it will just help the acne to grow, till it reaches a stage where it can be cured only by a dermatologist.
Everyone needs proper facial skin care, irregardless of if it is the person with the perfect skin or the person with acne-prone skin; the person with blotchy skin tendencies or the person with oily skin. Good facial skin care is essential by all for beautiful healthy looking skin, and even the person with the perfect skin type has to maintain a proper and careful facial skin care regimen in order to maintain that perfect skin. Regardless of the type of skin that you may have however, all good facial skin care regimens follow the three basic mantras of daily skin care: cleanse, tone, and moisturize. How you do each of these on the other hand is dependent on the type of skin that you have.
Cleansing is always the first step of every skin care regimen. It is the step that removes the dirt, the grit and the excess oil from the surface of the skin. It is also vital for the removal of other pollutants, such as makeup, which could clog the pores of the skin and lead to the greater incidence of breakouts. For makeup removal, it is often advised to use a makeup remover specific to your skin type before proceeding to cleanse the face. This is because makeup removers are designed to remove makeup as thoroughly as possible – something that you may not find sufficient with just a cleanser. For facial cleansing, you should never use regular body soap.
Regular body soap is way too harsh for the face, irregardless of the type of skin that you may have. For oily skins, you must choose a cleanser that is specifically oil-based – these get rid of the excess oils on the face nore effectively. For dry skins, stay away from cleansers which may contain fragrance or may be colored – these could just as easily irritate the dry skin which is often prone to sensitization.
Toning is a step in facial skin care that many people often skip, but it is one that would benefit the numbers. Toning effectively removes any excess chemicals or impurities that may have escaped your cleansing routine. These include any traces of extra oil, dirt or makeup. Toning also serves to close the pores so that they do not readily become clogged again by dirt, oil or makeup. Persons with dry skin should be aware however to stay away from the alcohol-based toners or astringents – these would tend to dry the skin even further.
Moisturizing is the final step of a good facial skin care routine. It is most critical for replenishing the moisture content of the dry skin, but even the person with oily skin can benefit from the hydration benefits of proper moisturization (much unlike the popular concept of most persons who think that the oily skin does not need the benefits moisturization).
When looking for an anti aging skin care product, you should be looking for one with natural ingredients. What you put on you skin is absorbed into your bloodstream, so essentially if the ingredients in your antiaging skin cream is not something you want in your body, you shouldn’t be putting it on your body.
A lot of companies use all kinds of chemicals in their anti aging skin care products. These chemicals and synthetic products may be harming our bodies. One of the ingredients in cosmetics and antiaging skin cream that is surrounded by controversy is parabens. One of the debates is – can this product cause breast cancer? One scientific study found parabens in samples of breast tumors. Other studies are not convinced this evidence is damaging enough to cause alarm.
Just a little information I discovered about parabens when I looked up the word online, because I wanted to know what tree or plant a paraben came from. I learned some parabens are found naturally in the fruit of the blueberry shrub, where it acts as an antimicrobial agent. I thought that’s good, until I read a little further where I learned all commercially used parabens are synthetic, not the ones occurring naturally in nature. So I was back with the same chemically added ingredient in most commercially sold antiaging skin cream.
Until more studies are done, I choose not to buy products with parabens as an ingredient. I would suggest you do your own study before you purchase anti aging skin care products with parabens in them.
Here are some natural ingredients to look for in your anti aging skin care:
Now you’ve learned something to avoid and some natural substances to look for in an anti aging skin care treatment. Now it is up to you to make the correct choices when you shop for antiaging skin cream.
Anti aging skin care really shouldn\’t be so complicated.
You should be able to trust that an antiaging skin cream for which you\’ve spent a lot of money and seen hyped on TV by Hollywood celebrities would really help you get rid of wrinkles, tighten up those sagging bags under your eyes, and restore your healthy, youthful appearance.
I\’m almost ashamed to admit this now, but over the past fifteen years, I\’ve tried dozens of brands of cosmetics and scores of different facial care systems and treatments. (And wasted a lot of money, too.) All in the hopes of rejuvenating and firming up my skin.
I wouldn\’t call it an obsession, but it IS important to me that I look my best even as I continue to age. Since you\’re reading this article, I\’m sure it\’s important to you, too. After all my years of trial and error, and countless hours of research, here are three secrets I\’ve discovered about anti aging skin care.
1) Lots of popular skin care products use substances that can actually harm you.
This one is pretty scary, and that\’s why it\’s at the top of my list. But a lot of well-known skin care products actually include chemicals that are used in industrial processes. Like Triclosan, for example. It\’s an anti-bacterial agent, and it\’s used in various brands of soap and other skin care treatments. It\’s also used in weed killers.
That\’s only for starters. I could go on — and the truth would probably shock you. (You can visit my web site to read more of these revelations, but be prepared.)
2) Your antiaging skin cream must stimulate new collagen growth.
You\’ve probably heard of collagen. In a nutshell — it\’s a skin protein. As we get older, we lose collagen, and that\’s why we see lines and wrinkles forming. A good antiaging skin cream would help to reverse this process by stimulating new collagen growth.
In other words — wrinkles will disappear, lines will fade, and your skin will regain a youthful glow. Very few skin care products are clinically proven to offer this benefit. I finally found one that does.
3) A high concentration of natural, active ingredients is crucial.
In my research into anti aging skin care, I learned that when many of the popular skin care brands claim to use active ingredients in their treatments, they\’re actually using only tiny amounts. Concentrations so low, in fact, that they have only limited effectiveness in rejuvenating your skin.
Not only that, but most of them don\’t use natural ingredients, either. Is your current anti-aging skin cream natural and pure enough to eat? That might seem like a weird question, but any good skin care cream should have that level of purity — after all, when you apply it to your skin, it sinks in and eventually enters your bloodstream.
Something to seriously consider, isn\’t it?
Now that you\’re armed with this information, I hope you\’re ready to take the next step . . . it\’s time to find a safe, natural, anti aging skin care system that will finally give you the youthful appearance you deserve.
Cystic acne has become a common skin problem these days. However, most people are unaware of the term ‘cystic acne’. Cystic acne is a serious problem of skin that occurs when people deal with acne pimples roughly. This process results in formation of the cystic acne.
Cystic acne can be defined as the most severe kind of acne. Under this type of acne, the pimples work towards forming cysts. These are actually filled with pus. The problem results in scarring of the skin. These tend to aggravate more when the cysts are squeezed to express the pus. This results in a permanent scar.
There are several effective methods available these days to treat cystic acne. Don’t expect acne creams and gets to work wonders when the skin is suffering from cystic acne. Experts suggest injectable medication or oral antibiotics that are required to cure the cystic acne.
You should visit a good doctor to prescribe you some effective drugs to treat cystic acne. Under circumstances where initial antibiotic treatment proves ineffective, your doctor will prescribe you a stronger medication course to treat the problems.
These are also some effective methods that can treat cystic acne permanently. Cystic acne is termed as one of the most severe forms of acne that gets deeply penetrated in to the skin layers. You should try to understand the causes that result in cystic acne.
You can characterize cystic acne by hard, semi-liquid bumps that grow below the skin with the potential of causing severe acne scars. Acne cysts are quite larger and painful as compared to whiteheads and conventional spots. This type of acne is a result of oil gland blockage that triggers inflammation and pus in the surrounding tissue area.
Cystic acne is further worsened by Retention keratosis, under, this condition, skin cells of cystic acne are shed improperly. This further leads to clogging of the skin follicles and the dead cells in conjunction with the over production of sebum. This environment is perfect for growth of bacterial infections. The infection has potential of spreading to other follicles that can further aggravate the inflammation, swelling and redness.
Experts believe that natural approach works towards fixing the internal problem those results in acne. The holistic approach utilizes multidimensional protocols such as supplementation, dietary changes, rebuilding of the organs of elimination and internal as well as external cleansing. The whole process neutralizes an environment that encourages formation of acne work better to treat cystic acne in the long run. This treatment also prevents further acne scars.
Any oral medication should be taken, under the supervision of a dermatologist.
Isotretinoin is the most common and most powerful drug prescribed for cystic acne treatment. It can be defined as a man-made form of retinoid or vitamin A. It is taken in pill form. It is the only medicine that effectively treats excess oil productions, inflammation and clogged skin pores. The pill is supported to be taken up to twenty weeks and does not require more than one course of therapy in order to cure the problem.
Pregnant women should avoid taking this medicine as there is a possibility of birth defects to a developing fetus. You also require to go for regular checkups while using this medicine.
The shaveing is a routine activity of every man. Facial care is a top priority for many women in today’s society. A good recommendation is to not go to bed with makeup on. Facial skin care is an excellent step towards building one’s self esteem as well as improving one’s image. Anti-aging products are helpful in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, fading age spots and evening out your skin tone. Facial care is a demand of everyone to look good.
There are many lotions and potions knocking about, but good skin care often involves nothing more than a little extra time and attention when washing, either first thing in the morning, before going out for the evening, orlast thing at night.Facial skin care is vital as it is the most delicate skin on the body. Facial care is especially important because your face the most viewed part of your body. If your face appears older, then people assume that you are older. Facial skin care is definitely important for men and women. When you first meet a person, what is the first thing you notice about them?
Facial skin care is more a matter of discipline than anything else. A facial care routine is what you need (and you need to follow the skin care routine with complete seriousness).
Skin care is not as complicated as some think. With the right attitude and discipline, one can actually create a facial skin care routine that will help bring about that healthy glow. Facial care is vital as it is the most delicate skin on the body. There are many lotions and potions knocking about, but good facial skin care often involves nothing more than a little extra time and attention when washing, either first thing in the morning, before going out for the evening, or last thing at night. Facial skin care is a top priority for many women in today’s society. A good recommendation is to not go to bed with makeup on.
It is also necessary to retard the skin aging process. Facial skin care isn’t supposed to hurt! Repairing facial skin often requires you to slough off damaged skin and help your body replace it with new skin cells. Facial skin care is important for “waking up” the skin, getting rid of dead skin cells, and handling blackheads and whiteheads, particularly if you have a busy schedule and do not get much rest. Facials are also an excellent way to lower stress, stress and lack of sleep are elements that can contribute to adult acne. Facial skin care is extremely necessary so that the face skin glows everyday.
Facial skin care is an outward reflection of feeling good. It’s no secret that we look good when we feel good. Facial care is very important, and it can be as mild as the medically offered skin care Obagi or as strong as a facial peel or laser. Facial wrinkles can be significantly reduced with Botox, a protein that relaxes muscles forming wrinkles in the forehead, around the eyes, and between the brows. Facial skin care is very important for both sexes. Our face is who we are.
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